Blood:- Dody Fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells.
The total volume of Blood - 5-6 Litre
PH- 7.4(Alkaline)
Composition of Blood:
1). Cells of Blood
2). Plasma
1). Cells of Blood:- 45% of Blood
A). RBCs (Erythrocyte)
B). WBCs (Leucocyte)
C). Platelets (Thrombocyte)
Normal Count:-
RBCs - 5 million/μL
WBCs - 4000-11000/μL
Platelets - 1.5- 4 L/μL
2). Plasma:- The liquid matrix of the blood is called plasma. It is clear straw-colored (light yellow). Most of the plasma is formed by water. It contains 55% fluid Portion in the blood.
A). 91% water
B). 9% solid
2).
A). Inorganic - 1%
B). Organic - 8%
Inorganic:- Major inorganic molecules are:-
1). Na+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-
2). K+, Mg2+, Cu2+, PO43-
3). Fe2+, Fe3+
8% total Organic molecules.
7% _ Plasma protein.
1% _ Are the other substance like nitrogenous hormones.
Plasma protein:-
Normal volume - 6.4-8.3 gm/dl
Components
A). 55% Albumine, Count - 3-5 gm/dl
B). 38% Globuline, Count - 2-3 gm/dl
13% α
14% β
15% γ
C). Fibrinogen 7%- 0.03 gm/dl
D). Prothrombin _ 40 gm/dl
Non Protein nitrogenus substance - 1%
Normal - 28-40 mg/dl
a). Urea - 20-40 mg/dl
b). Uricacid - 2-4 mg/dl
c). Cretinine - 0.6-1.2 md/dl
d). Xanthine
e). Hypoxanthine
Other substance:-
1). Neutral fat
2). Glucose
3). Phospholipid
4). Cholesterol
The function of Blood:-
1). Respiratory:- Blood transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissue and Co2 from tissue to the lungs.
2). Blood Conveys absorbed food materials (glucose, amino acids, vitamins Fatty acid, electrolytes) from the alimentary canal to tissue for utilization, storage.
3). Excretory:- Blood transport the metabolic waste.
Example:- Urea, uric acid, to the kidneys, and intestine for their removals.
4). Regulation of body temperature.
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